受験テスト
LL.M.に出願するために受験しなければならないテストはTOEFLの1科目だけです。IELTSをTOEFLの代わりに受け付けるかはスクールによって異なります。例えば、HarvardlやStanfordやColumbiaなどは受け付けません。
他の学位プログラムはTOEFLに加えGMATかGREのいずれかの2科目受験がほとんどですが、LL.M.への出願はTOEFLの1科目受験です。ここで考えなければならないのは、なぜGMATやGREが必要無いのかという点です。ここら辺が合否の審査基準の要になりますから、必要に応じて無料カウンセリングで相談して下さい。「上位校」のTOEFLの点数に関する情報を載せておきます。
なお、過去の受講生の合格者が全員各スクールのミニマムのを満たしていたかというと、そうではありません。例えば、Columbiaは105がMinimumですが、100でも合格した受講生がいます。勿論、100が必要なのに80では合格した例がはありませんが、88なら合格した例があります。同様に各セクションの条件(Section Requirements)を全員が満たしていたかというと、そうではありません。必要に応じて無料カウンセリングで相談して下さい。なお、出願した後で相談されても対処方法がありませんので、出願する前に相談下さい。
チャレンジ校・確実校・滑り止め校などの出願校を決めるにあたりTOEFLは重要な要因です。100がMinimumと言っているにも関わらず、100以下でも合格して受講生がいます。また、高いGPAや困難な職務経験にも関わらず、Miniumが100なので、自動的に足し切るスクールもあります。受講生とカウンセラーはTOEFLの伸びを勘案しながら、受験校を決めます。
Harvard
What is the minimum TOEFL score required?For the internet-based test (iBT), we require a total score of at least 100, with at least 25 in each of the four subsections.
Stanford
Stanford Law School course work and related academic activities require written and spoken fluency in English. A minimum TOEFL score of 100 (internet-based test) or 620 (paper-based test) is required for admission. This exam is administered worldwide.
Columbia
What are the minimum TOEFL requirements for admission to the LL.M. Program?TOEFL iBT and TOEFL iBT Special Home Edition: 105 overall score, with a minimum of 26 on Reading and Listening and a minimum of 24 on the Speaking and Writing sections. If your scores fall below these levels, your chances of admission could be adversely impacted even if other factors in your application are strong. Your most recent TOEFL score must be from no more than two years before the application deadline.
Chicago
Applicants must also demonstrate sufficient proficiency with both written and spoken English. Since law schools will vary in the ways they determine if applicants meet this language requirement, prospective applicants to Chicago should review the following information carefully.Applicants whose native language is not English are required to submit either a TOEFL or IELTS score, the results of which must be from an examination taken within two years of the date of the LLM application and meet the following minimum requirements:TOEFL: A cumulative score of at least 104 on one administration of the examination.
New Yrk
What are the minimum scores to be considered for admission?Applicants should at least meet these scores; JSD applicants are expected to exceed them:
TOEFL: 100/120
- Listening: 26
- Reading: 26
- Speaking: 22
- Writing: 22
Pennsylvania
Penn Law does not have a minimum score requirement. In general, we look for a TOEFL score of at least 100 (with at least 23 in each section) or IELTS score of 7 (with at least 7 in each section). If your test score(s) fall below the above targets, you should address your English language skills in your personal statement, or have your recommenders address your English language abilities in their letters.
Virginia
For all those required to take the TOEFL exam, the minimum scores we look for are:
Internet-Based TOEFL (iBT):
Writing: 24
Speaking: 22
Reading: 26
Listening: 26
UC, Berkeley
The minimum score required is 100 on the internet-based TOEFL, or 600 on the paper-based test. There is no subscore requirement.
MyBest TOEFL Scores will be accepted, but please note that these scores are not reported to Berkeley Law automatically. To submit your MyBest score for consideration, download a copy of your latest score report from ETS and email it to llm@law.berkeley.edu as an attachment with the subject “MyBest TOEFL Score”. Note that all test scores included in the MyBest Score must have been sent to LSAC and verifiable through the LLM CAS report.
重要注意: 上位校の中でＭyＢest ＴOEFL Scoresを採用しているのはBerkeleyだけです。なぜ、他の上位校は採用していないのでしょうか？単体のScoreよりMyBestScoreの方が点数が高いので、ETS経由でLSACに送ろうとすると何が起こるか正確にわかっていますか？よくよく理解してからで無いとかなりのリスクを背負うことになります。必要に応じて無料カウンセリングで相談して下さい。
Michigan
Official score reports from TOEFL, IELTS or Duolingo must be sent directly from the test provider to either LSAC or Michigan Law. Tests must be taken before January 15 of the year admission is sought, but cannot be more than two years old when submitted. If you have multiple, unexpired test scores, please submit photocopies of all results with your application.A minimum TOEFL score of 100 iBT, IELTS score of 7.0, or Duolingo score of 125 is required. Students must have a high level of English proficiency in reading, writing, speaking, and listening. Most admitted students have scores above the required minimum.
Duke
Duke’s minimum TOEFL score requirement is 100 and minimum IELTS score requirement is 7.0 and test scores should be no more than two years old from the date of application. All aspects of applications are closely reviewed, however. Applicants whose scores are below 100 or 7.0 but whose academic background and experience are otherwise strong may explain in their personal statement why they think their test score does not reflect their English language ability.
Northwestern
What is the minimum recommended score for the TOEFL or IETLS examination? Do you accept TOEFL MyBest Scores?
The minimum score for the internet-based exam is 100. We do not accept MyBest Scores from the TOEFL exam. The minimum score for the IELTS exam is an overall 7.5. If your score does not meet these requirements, we encourage you to apply regardless.
Cornell
We accept both the internet-based (iBT) TOEFL and IELTS test scores. If submitting a TOEFL score you must request that the Educational Testing Service send your official score report(s) to the Law School Admission Council (LSAC) using the institution code number 8395. For IELTS, you must request that your official IELTS score report(s) be sent to the LSAC Credential Assembly Service for electronic download using the IELTS system.
A high level of English proficiency is needed to complete the General LL.M. program. While all applications will be reviewed regardless of ESL scores, successful applicants typically have a minimum TOEFL overall score of 100 or a minimum IELTS overall band score of 7.0.
Georgetown
If English is not your native language, you must submit a TOEFL score report. Your score should exceed 100 points on the internet-based TOEFL exam (with minimum scores of 25 in each of the four sections) or 600 on the paper-based TOEFL exam (with minimum scores of 60 in each of the three sections). Please note that Georgetown Law does not accept TOEFL's MyBest super-score when considering these minimum requirements. You can find more information about the TOEFL, as well as the TOEFL Bulletin of Information and registration form on the ETS TOEFL webpage. Although the TOEFL test is preferred, you may submit IELTS test scores in place of TOEFL. A minimum overall score of 7.5 on the IELTS is required, with at least 7.0 in each section of the test.
UCLA
International applicants who are not native English speakers, or do not hold a law degree from an institution at which the primary language of instruction is English, are required to submit a Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) score. International English Language Testing System (IELTS) scores will also be accepted, but are less desirable.
TOEFL: UCLA School of Law prefers a score of at least 96 on the Internet-based TOEFL, or 600 on the paper-based exam. (There are no score requirements for specific sections of the exam.) Applicants with lower scores are welcome to apply, but are strongly advised to re-take the exam in order to increase their likelihood of admission.
USC
TOEFL or IELTS report (no minimum score is required)
- Have your official test scores sent to LSAC if you submit your application through LSAC. LSAC's institutional code is 8395.
- Test scores are valid for two years from the date taken.
- TOEFL or IELTS waivers may be granted in exceptional circumstances; if you feel you should be allowed to waive this requirement, please submit your waiver request as an attachment to your application.
- USC does NOT accept MyBest TOEFL scores of applicants as valid proof of language proficiency. We will consider the single best total TOEFL or IELTS score you submit along with the sub-scores from that test.
